A plane is a flat surface that does not stop in any direction.A straight line between the two points will follow the path of the tight string. For example, Sophie pulls a piece of string from one point to another point. A straight line is the shortest distance between two points.We know where the point is, but it has no size. A point is shown on paper by touching it with a pencil or pen, without making any sideways movement.Geometry starts with a few simple ideas that are thought to be true, called axioms. Spherical geometry for example is used in astronomy and cartography. Non-Euclidean geometry is more complicated than Euclidean geometry but has many uses. For example, hyperbolic geometry and elliptic geometry come from changing Euclid's parallel postulate. These and earlier kinds were called "non-Euclidean" (not created by Euclid). In the 19th century, mathematicians created several new kinds of geometry that changed the rules of Euclidean geometry. This was simply called "geometry" for centuries. Plane and solid geometry, as described by Euclid in his textbook Elements is called "Euclidean Geometry". The Greek mathematician Euclid wrote the first book about geometry, a book called The Elements. It has grown from this to become one of the most important parts of mathematics. The word "geometry" is from a Greek word that means "to measure the land". Geometry began as the art of Surveying of land so that it could be shared fairly between people. Geometry is one of the oldest branches of mathematics. the distance around the edge of a pond, to know how much fencing to buy.the area of a farm, so it can be divided into equal parts.the volume of a box, to see if it is big enough to hold a liter of food.the surface area of a house, so they can buy the right amount of paint.For example, geometry can help people find: Geometry can be used to calculate the size and shape of many things. Solid geometry can also measure a solid shape's volume and surface area. Plane geometry can be used to measure the area and perimeter of a flat shape. Cubes, cylinders, cones and spheres are simple shapes in solid geometry. Squares, circles and triangles are some of the simplest shapes in flat geometry. We can only see or make shapes that are flat ( 2D) or solid ( 3D), but mathematicians (people who study math) are able to study shapes that are 4D, 5D, 6D, and so on. Geometry is the part of mathematics that studies the size, shapes, positions and dimensions of things.
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